Collapsible truck step



March 2, 1954 Q P, DUFFY v2,670,968

COLLAPSIBLE TRUCK STEP Filed Aug. 29, 1951 `s sheets-sheet 1 Fig./.

1N V EN TOR.

.mh BY Ww 5MM,

Cyn/i. Duffy March 2, 1954 C, p, DUFFY 2,6 70,968

COLLAPSIBLE TRUCK STEP v Filed Aug. 29, 1951 s sheets-sheet 2 Cyrus R Duffy 20 g 7 ,7/ INVENTQR.

March 2, 1954 Q p, DUFFY 2,670,968

COLLAFSIBLE.' TRUCK STEP Filed Aug. 29, 1951 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Cyrus R Duffy INVENTOR.

3 mazy be employed with the embodiment of Figures 1 ;and,

Figure l5 is a fragmentary detail View taken substantially upon the plane indicated by the horizontal section line I5-I5 of Figure 14, the latch means being shown in its latched position therein.

For a more`comprehensive understanding of the principles of this invention and illustrative manners in which these principles may be effectively applied, attention is directed more specically to the accompanying drawings, wherein like numerals designate similar parts throughout the various views. In the various embodiments illustrated, the collapsible step assembly is disclosed as an attachment which may be readily applied to conventional trucks with a minimum expenditure of labor and time, to provide a sturdy and dependable step assembly. In all of these modifications, it is possible to employ resilient means for yieldingly urging the assembly towards its closed position by the arrangement in Figures 1 7, or into its collapsed position as in Figures 8-11. In each of the embodiments, an overload release means is built into and forms a part of the latching mechanism to provide a safety feature whereby damage is prevented to the step assembly, or the frame of the truck in the event that an overload is placed upon the step assembly as for example by the driver of the truck backing the same against an obstacle with the assembly inadvertently left in its extended position. In addition, in the form of Figures l-7, mechanism is provided for positively securing the step assembly in its folded position except when services of the assembly are required.

Referring now more specifically to the embodiment of Figures l-7, which is considered to be the preferred embodiment of the principles of this invention, it will be seen that the step assembly is pivotally connected to a pair of side frame members I0 and I2 with which a truck is customarily provided. Usually these frame members are of channel or angle iron construction, as will be more readily apparent from Figures 4 and 5, and the bed of a truck body indicated generally by the numeral I4 is mounted upon these frame members as by transverse holsters or the like I6.

The step assembly forming the subject of this invention includes a pair of side rails I8 and having a pair of step treads 22 secured thereto in any desired` manner. These treads may conveniently comprise sheet metal members of any desired type, the principles of this invention not being limited to any particular construction of the same.

At their upper ends, side rails I8 and 20 are welded or otherwise rigidly secured and attached to a transverse member 24 at the ends of the latter, as shown clearly in Figures 4 and 7. Conveniently, the transverse member 24 may be of tubular construction, and is provided with an axial bore 25 which may extend entirely through the member, or may be formed only in the ends thereof to provide journal bearings for the pivot means by which the step assembly is secured to the truck frame.

Pairs of washers or similar members 28 and 30 are respectively welded to the adjacent surfaces of the frame members I0 and I2 and the side rails I8 and 20 to provide Wear surfaces for the rubbing action of the pivot bearings.

As shown more clearly in the detail View 0f 75 the frame member I 2. extends throughj a guide` Figure 7, shafts 32 are provided which extend through aligned apertures in the frame members l and I2, the washers 28 and 3U, and into the bores 26. These shafts may conveniently include a shouldered end portion 34 by means of which the same may be applied or removed, and may have a screw threaded engagement, such as shown at 35, with the apertures in the sideframemembers IU and I2 Vand in the reinforcing washers 28 welded thereto; or conversely, may have a turning fit in I0, I2 and 28 and a tight screw threaded t in 24 and 30.

It will thus be seen that the collapsible truck step assembly is pivotally secured by the shafts 32 to the two frame members I0 and I2 and has a vertical swinging movement beneath these frame members aswill be seen from Figures 2 and 3. It is preferred to locate the shafts comprising pivot pins adjacent the rear ends of the frame members I and I2, in order to render the action of the step assembly most efficient.v

Resilient means is provided for yieldingly urging the step assembly into its closed or collapsed position. This resilient means may conveniently comprise a helical torsion spring 38 which is coiled about and mounted upon the transverse member 24, and has oppositely extending arms 40 and 42 which respectively engage one of the step side rails as I8, and a horizontal transverse frame member 44 which may be applied to the truck frame or may form a conventional part thereof. It is contemplated that the strength of the coil spring 38 will be su'icient to normally urge the step to an intermediate position as shown in dotted lines in Figure 2. The function of this spring,.is to partially move the step from its extended position shown in full lines in Figure 2 to a partially retracted position shown in dotted lines therein, beneath the body of the truck and out of the way.

A latch means is provided for retaining the step assembly in its collapsed position. As shown in Figure l, one of the frame members is provided with a laterally extending support pin 46, and a resilient leaf spring 48 is secured thereto and extends downwardly therefrom. Upon its lower end, the spring 48 has xedly secured a wedge-shaped block 50 which comprises a latching dog. The latter is intended to hook or engage and be resiliently pressed against a transverse latch pin 52 which extends between the side rails I 8 and 2!! of the step assembly. Thus, when the step is pushed manually from the intermediate position shown in dotted lines in Figure 2 to the fully retracted position shown in Figure 3, the wedge-shaped surface of the dog 5a will slide over the pin 52 until the doe clears the same, at which time inherent resiliency of the leaf spring 43 will cause the shouldered end of the dog to press firmly and securely against the latch pin, thereby retaining the step in its folded or fully collapsed position.

A manual release means is provided for disengaging the latching dog to permit the weight of the step to cause the same to pivot downwardly from the closed position of Figure 3 to the intermediate position of Figure 2, the resistance of the spring 38 being relatively weak and insufiicient to prevent suchv downward movement during this portion'of the pivoting of the step. This release means may conveniently com-v prise an eye bolt 54 secured to the dog 50 together with a flexible cable or cord 56. The latter extends laterally outwardly from beneath algemeen adjacent its outer end is. provided withY a` knob it;r The-leaf spring member isltliusfinoenteri for lateral swinging movement with respect' te thelsid'e offtheframe member 12;' A1 bracket 68 is welded tothe sideof'the frame member-and constitutes'v trie stopwhien: Hants` outward move'- nient oi? the'latch sprina` reiativeto thefiaiiie. The latening` means* further` ineludes: anV abut# the form or a plate lo'whieli ismoueted upon the; side rail of; the step assembly and disposed in substantial alignment with tle lengitudinal 'asisof the latch? spring' 82 the stepfs in its` extendedv position. As will be' best 'seen from` Figure 6) the abutment Wi maybe in the form: of' a flat plate which is nmnnt'edl upon the outer surface of theside railJ-ilinixedposi'- tion thereon, and has its outer edge adapted-` to be abuttedi by? theadj'acent edge of' latchL spring B2l Theinherent resiliency of? the latchspring 62 isf such: as to cause the same to normally be biseck into: the dotted line' position show-n atv 'H in.. Figure 6g in order to insure that the latch lever willi be retainedA abutting engagement with theiabutment 10i For this purposr'eI a guide plate; 12 is provided whichv isV mounted upon'- the side.A rai-l 'insuitable relation to abutment plate 1Ds/,as shown in Figure 6; The extremity of the plate it is corredi as atl T45 to provide a 'guide member whereby when the step is moved from an extremev extended position inwardlyto its locking extended' position, the member 'Id-will' guide the: endl of' the latch lever 62 from' the dotted line position'il into the full' line posi-tion shownA in Figure 6.-. rEhe lever 62 can of' ooursebereleased 'by grasping the knob 66 andpulling the lever-in the dotted line: position shown.. at 13 at which time the steprassembly. willbefree to pivot downwardl'y by' its own' Weight and by. the action of springr 38A from the full line position; ofl'igure 2 to'thedottediline position shown therein.

Tliedevice as so far described willi in many instances be found to. be: suincienti.. However; where thev truck step assembly'isrnountedupon the rear oi a truckv or positioned: where they assembly isvliable to: be damaged ii? the truck is operated to. cause the extended: truck assembly to strike anv obstacle, it is preferred to 'provide al1-overload release means which; willi cause: dis-i engagement of the latch member G2: from' the abutment plate 'lo and permit the assemblyto collapse, thereby preventing; damage' to. the aS- sembly or to the truck frame..

Various forms of removal or release.l means could be provided,Y but that disclosedin VFigure 6v is. deemedftobe eminently` satisfactory.. This means includes` shear meansV which-upon an overload being imposed upon thestepr assembly will shear on. and thus release or." break. the latchingengagement.. As; illustrated, the: shear mea-ns; includes a pairv of' shear pins. 116.-I and T8 which may conveniently beV intheform: of' rivets', bolts or thei like; y

The first of these pins 16, is utilizedto connect the plate. 721 to ther abutment;v platen as`- shown ini-Figures dy It vwillio' course bezunderstood that the plate If'isalsofWelded-.tob the 'sdei mand tliii's:e(instittites;` in.` eiectan integrali pant* of the same; Thesecond shearv pin 18;.isof greater size than the. pin. 76,. so that ai. stillt greaterv force wills be requiredftofeeet shearing of the second pin-. In addition; the-pin '1.3. extends throughan enlarged or elongate'daaperture '80' forrnedin the. side rail 2m so thatl no shearing torque wiii be. imparted to,y the; shear. pin' id until the. pin' 7.5 has been sheared; and the abutment' plate 'i0 has carried the secondt shear. pinv 'IB against. the edge of the elongated aperture Sil..

Iti will thus beA seen that. disabling of the col;-V lapsible': step; assembly bythe shearing of, the first. pin',v asV for. example. byl placing too heavy a ioad'; upon the steps Z2; or by overloading the step assembly in the manner previously de.- soribed; is prevented.. I-I'owever,V afterA the rst pin 16 has been sheared; avery slight additional movement. off the step assembly with. respect to thelatchalever S2. will be sunicient to shear the secondY thereby releasing the abutment plate 'ib and' permitting the stepv assembly to collapse- Convenientlyan eye bolt 82, see Figure may depend'froni the plate in and" be attached as by achain or.` cable 3ft'. to.-` an eye 86 carried by the side; rail 2Q,- so. as to prevent loss. of the abutment plate. 'lfafter the latter has been sheared from the side 'rail The; operation of. this form of the: invention is as. follows; Assuming that. the step assembly is ini4 the collapsed or foldedv position. shown' in. Figuse 3; the same is, broughtY into use byoperating the' manual releasev 69,156, thereby disengaging the latch: dogy llf from; the latcha pin 52. The Weight otthestep assembly,Y despite.v the very light resistance ofi the coil'. spring 38 in this posi` tion of the, assembly; is now sufficient. to. cause the step assembly to drop downwardly from. the closedposition: in Figure 3 to: an intermediate position: shown; in dotted lines in Figure 2. The oberatorfnow manually moves the step assembly tot the full line-position of Figure 2. During this movement; the. latch spring 62 moves from the dottedsdine. position shown at: 'F3 in Figure 6 to the'po'sition shown at; 'HY after the endv of; the guide'plates and 'M passes the endzof' the-latch lever: The` step assemblx/"is now in aposition somewhat. to the; left of. that. shown in'. full lines in` Figure 2 and the torsion' spring 38' has been further; tensioned While moving the' assembly from the dotted line position. of Figure 2k to; the iull line position showny therein. Consequently; theoperatorfnowf releases' the step; assembly, the spring;V 38 Vwill, move the stepf assembly in: a counter-clockwise direction. During: the last part. ofi.y this movement, the guide memberL "M will engager the latch; member 22 in; the dotted line positionV "L I'` thereo, and. guideand; seatv this latch lever against the abutting surface ofr the abilit-- nient. platev 79.;l as shown in full lines in Figure' 6. The stepf'assembly is now ready for use, being thus'securely latched or locked in its extended position.-

Ir"1 an undue load is placed upon the step asis'embly,v the pin 'willshear whereby the abut.- mont, plate:l 1Q willV move towards' the left. of Figures until thepin.4 'id engages theleft hand end of theslot or elongated hole 8B; If. the. over.e loadis. still applied?.tother steprassembly, as when the1 operator has inadvertently left. the step as.- semblyfextended and' backs the truckv against an obstacle, thev seeond pin l8- will'! shear: Ali-this time; 'the 'abutment plate. 'I9 Will drop down Wardly away from the side rail 20 to which the same was flxedly secured, although the plate will not be lost by virtue of the retaining cable 84. With the release of the abutment plate 10, the side rail 20 and consequently the step assembly is now free to pivot in the counter-clockwise direction under the impetus of spring 38 and its own weight and to the dotted line position shown in Figure 2. In this position, the step is retracted and out of the way, and may be pushed to the full line position shown in Figure 3. When this step is manually pushed into this position, either the shear pins have been broken by an overload, or by manual disengagement on the latching member 62 by the knob 66 when the operator desires to dispense with the services of the step, the latch pin 52 will slide up the inclined surface of the latch dog 50 until the latter engages over the latch pin and thus locks the assembly in its closed position as shown in Figure 3.

Attention is directed to the modified construction of Figures 12 and 13 which may be utilized in place of the latch lever 62. In this form of the invention, the latch lever 88 is provided which is identical with the lever 62 except that the lever 88 is of a rigid rather than a resilient nature and at its outer end is provided with a boss or cylinder 9s in which is slidably received a plunger 92 having a stem 94 with a knob S6. The plunger is slidable in the cylinder S0, the stem 94 extending through the closed end of the same, a compression spring 98 being mounted in the cylinder between the plunger and the end of the cylinder as shown in Figure 13. A sleeve or collar surrounds the stem 94 and is disposed between the knob 9B and cylinder 90 to limit the inward movement of the plunger. Extending axially from the end of the plunger is a conical collar or shoulder |62 which under the bias of the spring 98 is intended to be placed in alignment with the edge of the abutment plate as shown in Figure 13. The abutment edge on the plate 'l0 is provided with a beveled surface corresponding to the inclination of the conical projection |02. The operation of this latching means will be readily apparent. When the locking plunger is retracted against the force of the spring 98, the conical member |02 will be retracted into the cylinder 00 whereby the side rail 20 and the abutment plate 'I0 thereon will pass by the latching member and the step may be moved into its closed position. However, once: the latch is engaged as shown in Figure 13, the engaging inclined surfaces of the members |02 and 'i0 will prevent lateral displacement of the member 88 and thus insure the maintenance of the latch engagement.

The overload release means in the form of the shear pins is provided for the abutment plate 10 in the same manner as described in connection with Figures 1-7.

In another form of the invention latching means may be provided as disclosed in Figures 14 and 15. In this modification, a bracket |04 is welded or otherwise attached to the side of the frame member I2, and pivoted to this bracket by a pivot pin |06, is a latching lever |08. This lever is provided with a knob I0, and is provided with an inwardly or laterally disposed ange ||2 constituting the locking surface which is engageable with the abutment plate 10. The latter is of the construction above mentioned, and is provided with overload release means also mentioned hereinbefore. In operation, the latch member |08 may be pivoted upwardly as shown in dotted lines in Figure 14 until the same is out of engagement with the abutment plate 10, whereupon the step assembly can be moved into its folded or closed position. When the step is extended, the latching member is pivoted downwardly to the full line position shown in Figure 14, whereupon the langing portion ||2 is disposed in abutting engagement with the abutment plate l0. Further downward movement of the latch |08 from its latching position may be prevented by causing abutting engagement of the rearward end of the latch lever |08 with the undersurface of the frame member l2 as shown in Figure 14.

Reference is now made to Figures 8-11 for a still further embodiment in accordance with this invention. In this form, the step assembly including the side rails, one of which is shown at 20, is pivoted to the frame members, one of which is shown at I2, by the shafts 32 as previously described. However, a modied form of resilient means and overload release and latching mechanism is provided, while the latch for retaining the step assembly in its closed position may be either omitted or utilized in the same manner as set forth in connection with Figures 1-7 as desired.

Depending from and fixedly secured to the transverse member 24, which is pivotally secured to the side rails of the step assembly, is a mounting bracket H6. This bracket may be welded or otherwise rigidly attached to the transverse member 24 and of course has a pivotal or oscillating movement therewith as the step assembly extended or closed. A leaf spring assembly ||8 is secured to the bracket I6 as by the fastening bolt |20. Welded to the side rail 20 are spaced upper and lower plates |22 and |24. The outer ends of these plates are inclined inwardly of the side rails as at |26.

A U-shaped guide member |23 is mounted upon the inclined portions |26 of the two plates |22 and |24, with the legs of the U-shaped member being disposed on the plates 22 and |24 upon their inclined portions |26, and with the web of the U closing the outer ends of these plates as will be apparent from Figures 8 and ll.

The extremity of the leaf spring ||8 is slidably received between the plates |22 and |24 and within the legs of the U-shaped member |28 as will be apparent from Figure 11. In the extended position of the step, the end of the spring extends outwardly beyond the U-shaped member, this extending extremity constituting a resilient abutment as indicated by the numeral |30 in Figures 8 and 9. However, as the step assembly is folded inwardly from the position of Figure 8, the extremity |30 will ex until the same is retracted inwardly of the U-shaped member and/or the inclined portion |20 of the strips |22 and |24, as shown in Figure 10. In this retracted position, the extremity |30 is no longer capable of functioning as an abutment member.

A bracket |32 is bolted or is welded to the underside of the frame member 2 and depends therefrom. This bracket has an integral hinge lug |34 and a removable lug or hinge plate |36 secured thereto by bolts |37.

A latch lever |38 is hinged between the lugs |34 and |35 as shown in Figure 8 and has its other extremity disposed closely adjacent the abutment member |30 and movable towards and from this member by virtue of the hinge mounting of the lever.

A pull knob |40 is provided and is slidable through a. bracket |42 welded or otherwise se- ,91. cured-sin' the-reside fof the: rame :member ,L2,-this knob beingsecured to .theleverandbeing surrounded bya"compression spring` 'l 1M which thus urges ithe'lever away from-the bracket .wandte- Wardsrltheinclined lU-memloer-|218. I

lflhesarrangement 'm such that in the-extended position ofthe step assembly the` end ofwthelever lwillislidingly rest upon thainclmed-U-member"|`28 and will abut' the end f the abutment member |35) as shown in Figure 9. However, if an overload is placed upon the step assembly, the latter will pivot in a counter-clockwise direction as viewed in Figure 8 thereby pressing the spring ||8 and its abutment surface |38 against the latch. Since the spring will yield, the end of the latch will slide up the inclined surface i28, compressing or deflecting the spring until the end l 3l! is completely retracted below the inclined surfaces and within the U-sliaped member. At this time, as shown in Figure 1U, the latch member I 38 is now free of the abutment, whereupon the entire step assembly can pivot inwardly to its release or closed position.

Obviously, the knob Md may be manipulated to positively move the lever laterally out of engagement with the abutment member |39, when it is desired to close or fold the leg assembly.

In this form of the invention, the step assembly will collapse when subjected to an overload with out the necessity for replacing shear pins or the like before the step assembly can be restored to an operative condition, as in the embodiment of Figures 1 7.

From the foregoing, the construction and operation of the device will be readily understood and further explanation is believed to kbe unnecessary. However, since numerous modications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art after a consideration of the foregoing specification and accompanying drawings, it is not desired to limit the invention to the exact construction shown and described, but all suitable modifications and equivalents may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the appended claims.

Having described the invention, what is claimed as new is:

1. A collapsible truck step assembly comprising a step including side rails, pivot means securing said side rails to the frame of a truck for vertical swinging movement between extended and collapsed positions, resilient means urging said step towards its collapsed position, latch means for retaining said step in its collapsed position, means for releasing said latch means, means for securing said step in its extended position, means responsive to overload upon said step for releasing said securing means, said securing means including an abutment on said step and a latching lever, said latching lever having an abutment surface engageable with said abutment, said overload release means constituting shearable means securing said abutment upon said step.

2. A collapsible truck step assembly comprising a step including side rails, pivot means securing said side rails to the frame of a truck for vertical swinging movement between extended and collapsed positions, resilient means urging said step towards its collapsed position, latch means for retaining said step in its collapsed position, means for releasing said latch means, means for securing said step in its extended position, means responsive to overload upon said step for releasing said securing means, said securing means including an abutment on said step and a latching lever,

sa-id latch-ing 2lever?lfaaiingfanealodtmentfsurface engageableav-ithsin abutmentsaid;cverioadf releasefmeans 'comprising'a' 'first ishearlfpin ulixedly securingsai -='sl-ioul`der-anid said 'step' lanclla@second shear "pin fconnetinglls shoulder tof-saidstep, said esecnndlshearfpinf h nglostnrrotionmeans 3. The-combi ationffclainizilincludingrretainingime'ans lioriloosey securing said shoulder to said step upon severing of said shear pins.

4. A collapsible truck step assembly comprising a step, pivot means securing said step to the frame of a truck for vertical swinging movement ybetween extended and collapsed position, means Afor securing said step in its extended position, said securing means comprising an abutment member fastened to said step and a latch lever engageable with said abutment member, means responsive to overload upon said step for releasing said abutment member from said step.

5. A collapsible truck step assembly comprising a step, pivot means securing said step to the frame of a truck for vertical swinging movement between extended and collapsed position, means for securing said step in its extended position, said securing means comprising an abutment member fastened to said step and a latch lever engageable with said abutment member, means responsive to overload upon said step for releasing said abutment member from said step, resilient means operatively associated with said step for yieldingly urging said step into one of said positions.

6. The combination of claim 5 wherein said pivot means comprises a transverse member xedly and rigidly secured to said step, shafts adapted for mounting upon the frame of a truck and journaling said transverse member.

7. The combination of claim 5 wherein said pivot means comprises a transverse member xedly and rigidly secured to said step, shafts adapted for mounting upon the frame of a truck and journaling said transverse member, said resilient means being mounted upon said transverse member.

8. The combination of claim 4 wherein said overload release means includes an abutment on said step and a lever hinged to said frame and having an abutment surface engageable with said abutment, .said lever being yieldingly urged towards a position for engagement with said abutment.

9. The combination of claim 4 wherein said overload release means includes an abutment on said step and a lever hinged to said frame and having an abutment surface engageable with said abutment, said lever being yieldingly urged towards a position for engagement with said abutment, shearable means securing said abutment to said step.

10. The combination of claim 9 wherein said last means comprises a pair of shear pins securing said abutment to said step, one of said pins being received in an elongated hole to provide lost motion.

11. The combination of claim 4 wherein said abutment member and said latch lever comprise nat plates having end-wise abutting engagement.

12. The combination of claim 4 wherein said abutment member and said latch lever comprise nat plates having end-wise abutting engagement, said latch lever being capable of lateral movement to and from alignment with said abutment member.

l1A 12 13 The combination of. claim 4 wherein Said References Cited in the le of this patent abutment member and said latch lever comprlse nat plates having end-Wise abutting engagement, UNITED STATES PATENTS said latch lever being capable of lateral movement to and from alignment with said abutment 5 Nugez Marlame octngtelgm member, guide means for directing the adjacent 1 762052 Dodds Jun'e 3 1930 ends of said latch lever and abutment member 2041640 Goss May 19' 1936- into alignment and contact upon movement of 2,575,615 Crump -'n Nov. 20, 1951 said lever and member towards each other.

CYRUS P. DUFFY. 10 

